Reducing The Cost Burden of Public Sector Contracts and Frameworks

Regulation 47 of the Procurement Act 2023 restricts most public frameworks and contracts to a maximum duration of four years, unless a clear justification exists to extend beyond a four-year term. This ensures regular re-tendering, resets prices to current market levels, and prevents prolonged RPI compounding. Longer durations must be exceptional, evidence-based, and transparently approved. Adhering to this principle upholds competition, supports value-for-money obligations under HM Treasury’s Managing Public Money, and reinforces public accountability across all contracting authorities. 

UK public spending in 2024–25 is projected at £1,278.6 billion, with £434 billion allocated to the procurement of goods, works, and services. Many public sector contracts and frameworks permit annual Retail Prices Index cost uplifts, currently 4.5%, adding about £19.5 billion annually to expenditure. However, suppliers’ input costs increased by only 0.8%, meaning RPI-linked clauses overstate real cost pressures. This 3.7-point discrepancy results in substantial and unjustified contractual and framework overpayments, highlighting the inefficiency of automatic indexation mechanisms in long-term public contracts and frameworks that fail to reflect genuine market movements.

If annual uplifts were limited to the 0.8% Producer Price Inflation rate rather than the 4.5% RPI, the public sector could save approximately £16.1 billion each year. This figure equates to around 0.56% of the UK’s GDP, offering significant fiscal headroom. Such savings could be redirected towards essential services or deficit reduction, providing both economic and social value while strengthening public confidence in the efficiency and accountability of government spending.

Reducing reliance on RPI-linked clauses would also moderate national inflation. With the CPI at 3.8% in September 2025, removing £16 billion of RPI-driven upward cost pressure could shave 0.6 percentage points off the headline CPI rate. This would ease the cost-of-living burden, support monetary stability, and improve public sector credibility by demonstrating alignment between procurement policy, fiscal discipline, and real-world economic conditions.

The Maximum Duration of Public Contracts and Frameworks

The Procurement Act 2023 does not impose a universal rule on the duration of contracts awarded by public contracting authorities. However, Regulation 47 – “Frameworks: Maximum Term” – stipulates that most framework agreements are limited to a maximum of four years. Contracts awarded directly or through frameworks must adhere to this policy unless a longer term is clearly justified under UK procurement legislation and policy.

This approach reflects a longstanding principle designed to preserve market competitiveness and promote supplier diversity. It aligns with earlier Cabinet Office guidance, particularly the Cross-Government Long-Term Contracting Guidance, which cautions that excessively long contracts can restrict competition and deter new entrants. Authorities are therefore expected to demonstrate that any departure from the four-year norm is supported by sound commercial reasoning and remains consistent with the principles of value for money.

Lengthy contracts risk curtailing competitive tension and discouraging emerging suppliers. Nonetheless, the legislation itself acknowledges that projects entailing substantial capital investment or innovation may reasonably warrant extended terms. Contract reviews should be documented to demonstrate compliance with value-for-money obligations under HM Treasury’s Managing Public Money guidance.

Where such justification exists, contracting authorities may adopt longer durations, provided they maintain competitiveness and deliver demonstrable value for money throughout the term. Guidance emphasises that any deviation from standard durations should be justified by sound economic rationale, underpinned by market analysis, operational risk assessment and documented transparency. In the absence of such evidence, authorities risk legal challenge or public scrutiny.

A persistent worry is that some authorities may deliberately exceed the recognised benchmark of a four-year duration to evade procedural obligations under the Act. Although not inherently unlawful, such practices may contradict the Act’s underlying principle of competitive procurement, effectively entrenching existing suppliers and delaying re-tendering. The enforcement framework intends to identify and contest such strategies when they lack objective justification.

Overview of the UK Procurement Act 2023

The UK Procurement Act 2023 brings together and reforms the laws governing how public bodies and certain utilities procure goods, services, and works. It includes provisions on limiting contract durations, reflecting the principle that regular competition safeguards value for money, drives innovation, and avoids over-reliance on incumbent suppliers. These measures aim to ensure markets remain open and competitive.

Under the Procurement Act 2023, Regulation 47 - “Frameworks: Maximum Term”, most framework agreements are capped at four years, with specific sectors, such as defence, security, and utilities, permitted to extend up to eight years, subject to justification. This unified approach replaces the previous patchwork of regulations, simplifying compliance and improving consistency across the UK. Transparency requirements oblige authorities to disclose both the length of contracts and the reasons for longer terms, enabling greater scrutiny.

The legislation applies to contracting authorities across the UK, including central government departments, local authorities, NHS bodies, and certain public corporations. The intention is to create a consistent procurement landscape, replacing the previous patchwork of rules under the Public Contracts Regulations 2015, the Utilities Contracts Regulations 2016, the Concessions Contracts Regulations 2016, and the Defence and Security Public Contracts Regulations 2011. This uniformity is designed to simplify processes and enhance compliance rates across all sectors.

Crucially, the Procurement Act 2023 also introduces enhanced transparency requirements for contract awards, ensuring that both the duration and rationale for the chosen term are disclosed in procurement notices. These obligations make it more challenging for contracting authorities to utilise extended contract durations without a clear justification. They also create a public record, enabling scrutiny from competitors, oversight bodies, and the general public.

The Procurement Act 2023 represents a decisive shift from the EU-derived Public Contracts Regulations 2015, which closely mirrored the 2014 EU Procurement Directives. Whereas the PCR 2015 imposed more rigid procedural requirements and harmonised thresholds across member states, the new Act grants UK authorities greater flexibility over contract duration and justification. This divergence reflects the government’s post-Brexit objective of simplifying procurement, promoting innovation, and tailoring rules to domestic market conditions while retaining core principles of transparency and fairness.

In contrast, the EU’s 2014 Procurement Directive (Directive 2014/24/EU) established a far more prescriptive framework, mandating uniform thresholds and procedural harmonisation across Member States. This rigidity ensured consistency but limited national discretion to tailor rules to specific market conditions. The UK’s Procurement Act 2023 departs from this model by introducing a principles-based system that prioritises flexibility, allowing contracting authorities to justify longer terms based on operational or economic rationale rather than strict procedural constraints.

Key Provisions Regarding Contract Length

The UK Procurement Act 2023 establishes that the maximum permitted length of a contract should be determined by its subject matter, operational requirements, and market conditions. The general ceiling for contracts within the public sector is not prescribed within the Procurement Act 2023. The operational length of all supplier contracts must be relevant and justified by the complexity and subject matter of the products, services or works being procured.

Contracting authorities must incorporate compliance measures into their internal procurement procedures, ensuring that the duration of contracts is considered at the planning stage. These measures should include mechanisms for monitoring contract performance against intended benefits, as well as assessing whether early termination or retendering might offer better value. Failing to fulfil these obligations can expose authorities to legal and reputational risks.

The Act does allow for exceptions where longer terms are demonstrably in the public interest. Examples include situations where a more extended contract is necessary to justify a significant upfront investment by the supplier, or where operational continuity is critical, such as in emergency services, defence, or essential utilities. In these cases, the contracting authority must publish a detailed justification, supported by evidence of market testing and financial analysis.

Under the EU’s 2014 Procurement Directives, framework agreements were capped at a maximum of four years except in justified cases, mirroring the UK’s current benchmark. However, the EU regime provided less explicit flexibility for extended terms justified by innovation or investment recovery. The Procurement Act 2023 preserves the four-year norm but introduces more transparent accountability through transparency notices and justification requirements. This marks a refinement rather than a departure, maintaining competition while affording contracting authorities practical discretion.

A particular focus of policy discussions has been the deliberate use of contracts exceeding four years to avoid triggering the procedural requirements of the Act. While the legislation does not outright prohibit such agreements, it does require that they withstand a test of objective necessity. Where a more prolonged duration cannot be justified on operational, financial, or strategic grounds, it may be deemed contrary to the spirit of the legislation, even if technically compliant.

Best Practices for Compliance

Contracting authorities seeking to comply with the Procurement Act 2023 should adopt structured approaches to contract planning, ensuring that duration decisions are supported by clear, documented reasoning. This includes assessing operational needs, market conditions, and investment requirements before determining the appropriate term. By embedding these assessments early in the procurement process, authorities reduce the risk of inadvertently breaching limits based on commercial best practice and strengthen their ability to justify any departure from the default four-year term.

One key best practice is the inclusion of well-defined early termination provisions. Such clauses enable authorities to respond flexibly to changes in demand, technology, or supplier performance without being tied to outdated arrangements. Termination rights should be carefully balanced to protect the authority’s interests while avoiding overly onerous conditions that could deter market participation. Clarity on post-termination obligations, such as asset transfer or knowledge handover, can further protect service continuity.

Where long-term service continuity is necessary, authorities may include carefully drafted extension options. These should be subject to the same scrutiny as the original term and should only be exercised where doing so demonstrably offers better value than re-tendering. This approach is particularly relevant in situations such as emergencies or significant market disruption, where re-procurement would not be practical within the original term limits. However, reliance on such extensions without a valid justification risks undermining the policy intent of the Act.

To counter the temptation to structure contracts over more than four years to reduce re-tendering frequency, authorities should treat any term beyond this threshold as an exception rather than the norm. Internal governance should require senior approval, accompanied by evidence demonstrating that operational needs cannot be reasonably met within a shorter period. This ensures that longer terms are reserved for genuinely strategic contracts, not as a means of bypassing competitive procurement requirements.

Stakeholder Perspectives

Government departments, private-sector suppliers, and legal advisors each hold distinct views on the Act’s provisions regarding the maximum contract length. Many welcome the increased certainty provided by the benchmark of a four-year duration, as it reduces ambiguity and promotes fairness in the tendering process. Others, however, express concern that the policy standard of a four-year maximum term can constrain complex projects where the commercial logic favours longer commitments, particularly in infrastructure, defence, or large-scale IT deployments.

From a supplier perspective, fixed maximum contract durations based on the general principle of a four-year threshold encourage opportunities for market entry by reducing the dominance of incumbent suppliers. This supports innovation and potentially enhances value for money. However, suppliers engaged in capital-intensive projects may regard shorter terms as financially unviable, particularly where investment recovery requires extended delivery periods. In such cases, the Act’s exception mechanisms become critical in maintaining commercial feasibility.

Legal experts note that the Act’s provisions impose both procedural and evidentiary burdens on contracting authorities. The requirement to justify longer contract terms in procurement notices introduces a higher standard of transparency, which in turn may increase the likelihood of challenges from competitors. Contracting authorities must therefore balance the operational case for extended contract terms against the litigation risk associated with perceived non-compliance.

There is also recognition that some authorities have historically relied on contracts of more than four years duration to avoid triggering re-procurement obligations. The Act’s new transparency measures, combined with the risk of public and parliamentary scrutiny, make such practices more difficult to sustain. Stakeholders broadly support this tightening, viewing it as a necessary measure to ensure procurement remains open, competitive, and aligned with public interest.

Government Agencies

For government agencies, the recognised benchmark of a four-year duration requires significant adaptation of procurement processes. Many departments previously accustomed to awarding contracts well beyond the policy standard of a four-year maximum term must now reassess their approach to contract structuring. This includes considering phased delivery models, shorter framework agreements, and more frequent market engagement to comply with the Act’s requirements.

The Cabinet Office’s cross-Government Commercial Function plays a central role in ensuring that agencies understand and apply the new rules consistently. This includes issuing guidance, providing training, and monitoring compliance across departments. The emphasis is on avoiding supplier entrenchment and ensuring that public contracts remain contestable over time.

The reforms are also intended to address historic shortcomings in oversight, where contracts, particularly in sectors such as emergency services and social care, were allowed to run for extended periods without meaningful review. By imposing stricter limits and setting a benchmark of four years, the Act aims to prevent outdated service models from persisting simply because re-procurement was deferred for administrative convenience.

Where agencies seek to exceed four-year terms, internal governance should require ministerial or senior-level approval supported by a robust business case. This reduces the scope for agencies to use longer terms than the criterion, setting a four-year upper limit as a shortcut to avoid compliance with the Procurement Act’s competitive procedures. The approach reinforces accountability, ensuring that such departures are the exception rather than the rule.

Private Sector

For private-sector suppliers, the recognised benchmark of a four-year duration presents both challenges and opportunities. On the one hand, shorter contract cycles create more frequent bidding opportunities, enabling new entrants to compete for contracts that might otherwise remain locked to incumbent suppliers. This fosters a more dynamic marketplace and can reward innovation.

Conversely, suppliers undertaking significant upfront investment may be deterred from bidding for contracts if the maximum term is insufficient to recoup costs. The Act mitigates this by allowing extensions in cases where capital recovery or operational viability cannot be achieved within the policy standard of a four-year maximum term. Such exceptions require evidence and formal approval to ensure they are used appropriately.

From a contractual negotiation standpoint, suppliers may seek to build greater flexibility into pricing models and performance metrics to accommodate shorter contract terms. This may include structuring payment schedules to accelerate cost recovery or adopting a modular service delivery approach that can be scaled over successive contract periods.

The private sector is also alert to the risk that authorities may still attempt to circumvent the spirit of the Act by issuing long contracts, sometimes exceeding the four-year threshold, under the guise of operational necessity. Where such justifications appear weak, suppliers excluded from these contracts may be more willing to pursue legal remedies, knowing that the Act strengthens their grounds for challenge.

Legal Experts

Legal practitioners emphasise that compliance with the general principle of the four-year threshold provision is not purely a contractual matter but a government policy requirement. Breaching the general rule of a four-year threshold without proper justification can render a contract void or expose the authority to damages claims from aggrieved suppliers. The potential for judicial review underscores the importance of robust decision-making and thorough documentation.

The Act allows exceptions for specific services, including research and development, defence, and security, where the operational case for a longer contract term is clear. However, these exceptions are narrowly drawn and must be interpreted in line with the Act’s overarching objectives of fairness and transparency. Authorities cannot rely on them as a blanket exemption.

Legal advisors also caution against “evergreen” contract extension clauses that effectively bypass the benchmark of a four-year duration limit. While such clauses may appear to comply on paper, their cumulative effect can contravene the Act if they prevent meaningful competition for extended periods. Authorities must therefore consider both the individual term and the aggregate duration resulting from such contract extensions.

When contracting authorities adopt contract terms that exceed the general principle of a four-year threshold, legal scrutiny is heightened. Advisors typically recommend that authorities conduct market testing, risk assessments, and economic evaluations to justify the decision. This reduces the risk of challenge and ensures alignment with the Act’s compliance framework.

The Inappropriate Use of Third-Party Framework Agreement Providers

Third-party framework agreement providers have become a prevalent mechanism within UK public procurement. These organisations act as intermediaries, offering pre-established contractual arrangements that public sector bodies can access without having to undertake a direct competitive tender process. Their appeal lies in perceived convenience, reduced administrative effort, and the assurance of pre-vetted suppliers. However, this arrangement often raises questions about transparency, compliance, and adherence to the statutory duties imposed upon contracting authorities under the Procurement Act, particularly regarding open and competitive procurement principles.

Such providers often operate as independent commercial entities, separate from the contracting authority. They compile frameworks with a panel of suppliers, offering services or goods under pre-agreed terms and conditions. While this approach may reduce procurement lead times, it may also reduce the level of competition and innovation available in the market. The extent to which these arrangements achieve genuine cost savings and deliver value for money has been the subject of debate within both the public and private procurement sectors.

The growing reliance on such providers has prompted increased scrutiny from auditors and regulatory bodies. Concerns have been raised about whether the use of these frameworks aligns with the statutory requirement for contracting authorities to act transparently, treat suppliers equally, and avoid distorting competition. In some cases, the use of third-party frameworks has been perceived as a means to circumvent legislative safeguards designed to protect public funds and ensure fair market access for suppliers.

Critics argue that, while the frameworks are lawful in principle, their application can sometimes result in outcomes that are contrary to the spirit of UK procurement law. This includes instances where contracting authorities bypass competitive processes entirely, awarding high-value, long-term contracts via frameworks without rigorous challenge, thus potentially undermining the open market and the equitable treatment of suppliers, particularly smaller enterprises seeking fair access to public sector opportunities.

Consumer Price Index (CPI) Annual Pricing Clauses

One notable feature in many third-party framework agreements, as in the vast majority of public contracts and framework agreements, is the inclusion of Consumer Price Index (CPI) annual pricing clauses. These clauses allow suppliers to adjust their prices annually in line with inflation, as measured by the CPI, or in the worst-case scenario, the Retail Price Index (RPI), which is generally the higher of the two pricing mechanisms. While this provides suppliers with financial stability and protection from cost fluctuations, it can significantly impact the total expenditure of the contracting authority over the contract’s life, especially when frameworks extend for multiple years without competitive re-tendering.

The automatic application of CPI uplifts may reduce incentives for suppliers to improve efficiency or deliver cost savings. Unlike competitive tendering processes, which drive price competition, such clauses can create a ‘cost ratchet’ effect, where prices only move upward regardless of market conditions. This effect can be particularly problematic in markets where technological advancements or economies of scale might otherwise lead to cost reductions over time.

From a fiscal oversight perspective, these clauses can undermine value-for-money principles in HM Treasury’s Managing Public Money guidance. Contracting authorities should challenge cost increases and ensure adjustments are justified by market conditions or supplier performance. Automatic CPI uplifts without benchmarking risk breach this obligation. Relying on CPI or RPI-linked pricing in long-term agreements can lead to inflated public spending, complicate budgeting, and invite scrutiny from auditors and oversight bodies. It also raises broader questions about allocating inflation risk between the public and private sectors in publicly funded contracts.

Circumvention of Competitive Procurement Requirements

A central criticism of specific third-party framework arrangements is that they are used to circumvent the requirement for contracting authorities to undertake competitive procurement in compliance with the Procurement Act. By joining an existing framework, an authority can directly award a contract to a supplier without issuing an open tender, thus avoiding the time and scrutiny associated with a regulated procurement process.

While third-party framework usage is permitted under UK procurement law, it aims to streamline procurement in genuinely repetitive and standardised areas, rather than bypassing competition entirely. Misuse occurs when authorities select frameworks primarily to avoid the administrative effort, oversight, or challenge that comes with full tendering. This can lead to anti-competitive outcomes and reduce opportunities for new market entrants to win public contracts.

Such practices can also undermine the policy objectives underpinning procurement legislation, which aim to promote innovation, enhance supplier diversity, and deliver improved public outcomes through fair competition. When frameworks are repeatedly used for bespoke or high-value requirements, this can distort the market, favour incumbent suppliers, and reduce incentives for suppliers to offer competitive pricing or improved service quality.

Regulatory bodies, including the National Audit Office, have highlighted the risk that over-reliance on such frameworks may erode public trust in the procurement process. If suppliers and the public perceive that contract awards are predetermined or lack transparency, confidence in public sector procurement diminishes, potentially deterring capable suppliers from participating in future tenders.

Non-Compliance with HM Treasury’s ‘Managing Public Money’ Guidance

HM Treasury’s Managing Public Money sets out the value-for-money obligations for all public expenditure, emphasising the need for efficiency, effectiveness, and economy. One area of concern is that some third-party frameworks permit contracts of more than four years without clear justification, contrary to best practice recommendations. Extended durations, especially where they are non-competitive, can lock the public sector into unfavourable terms and restrict flexibility to adapt to changing needs or market innovations.

Long-term commitments without market testing risk embedding outdated technology, service models, or pricing structures. Over time, this can erode service quality and value, as suppliers may have little incentive to innovate or remain cost-competitive. The Treasury’s guidance emphasises the importance of periodic review and re-procurement to ensure ongoing alignment with public interest objectives and market developments.

The issue is compounded when frameworks are structured to allow ‘call-off’ contracts with lengthy durations that extend well beyond the original framework term. In such cases, the authority may be bound to suppliers under conditions that have not been tested against current market offerings, undermining both value for money and the fairness of competition.

Failure to comply with the principles of Managing Public Money can have significant consequences, including audit criticism, reputational damage, and potential legal challenge. Contracting authorities must be able to demonstrate that any departure from competitive procurement or standard contract durations is objectively justified and consistent with their fiduciary duty to safeguard public funds.

Future Trends in Procurement Practices

The Procurement Act 2023 is expected to drive a cultural shift towards shorter, more agile procurement cycles. Contracting authorities will increasingly design contracts with modular or phased delivery, enabling competitive re-tendering of discrete project stages. This approach aligns with market trends favouring flexibility and rapid adaptation to technological change. Compared with the EU framework, the UK’s Procurement Act 2023 signals a broader policy shift towards “commercial agility.”

While both systems retain the principles of equal treatment and open competition, the UK model now favours outcome-based governance rather than prescriptive process control. This approach aligns with global trends in procurement reform, emphasising accountability through data transparency and post-award scrutiny, rather than rigid procedural uniformity.

The result is a system designed for flexibility without sacrificing probity. There is likely to be increased use of framework agreements with shorter call-off periods, ensuring that suppliers remain incentivised to perform well throughout the term. Frameworks may also be structured to allow new suppliers to enter at defined intervals, further enhancing competition.

The Act’s emphasis on review mechanisms means that maximum term limits will not remain static. Ministers retain the power to extend or reduce limits in specific sectors, and ongoing consultation with stakeholders is expected to refine the rules. This could result in more nuanced contractual term structures tailored to particular industries or project types.

Over time, it is anticipated that the deliberate use of contracts exceeding four years without robust justification will become less common, both due to increased scrutiny and the availability of more flexible contracting models. Authorities that embrace this shift are likely to benefit from improved value for money and stronger supplier engagement.

Monitoring and Evaluation Mechanisms

Effective enforcement of the Act’s principle of a four-year threshold depends on robust monitoring and evaluation. Contracting authorities should maintain detailed records of contract durations, including the rationale for any term exceeding four years. These records support internal audit processes and demonstrate compliance with oversight bodies.

Data collection is significant for contracts that exceed the standard four-year maximum. Authorities must provide evidence to demonstrate why such terms were necessary, citing market conditions, operational requirements, and investment recovery considerations. Failure to maintain adequate records can undermine the authority’s position in the event of a challenge.

Regular internal reviews should be conducted to assess whether long-term contracts of above four years remain aligned with strategic objectives. This includes evaluating whether market changes, technological advances, or shifts in demand justify early termination or re-procurement. These reviews help ensure that contracts do not become misaligned with public interest over time.

Authorities should also establish governance procedures requiring senior-level sign-off for any contract exceeding four years. This creates an additional safeguard against using extended terms to avoid re-tendering obligations and reinforces the principle that such durations are exceptional rather than standard practice.

Recommendations for Policy Improvement

While the Procurement Act 2023 strengthens governance over contract durations, there is scope for refinement. One recommendation is the development of sector-specific guidance on what constitutes acceptable justification for exceeding the four-year term limit. This would help authorities make consistent decisions and reduce uncertainty for suppliers.

Another improvement could involve mandatory periodic reviews for contracts exceeding four years, ensuring that authorities remain accountable for the continued necessity of the extended term. Such reviews could be tied to reporting obligations to Parliament or an independent oversight body.

Consideration might also be given to greater alignment between contract duration rules and broader government policy objectives, such as sustainability, innovation, and resilience. Where longer-term objectives are supported, exceptions could be framed in a way that safeguards competition while enabling strategic outcomes.

Finally, enforcement mechanisms could be strengthened by introducing proportionate penalties for authorities found to have used extended contractual terms without adequate justification. This would further deter attempts to use contracts exceeding four years as a means of avoiding competitive procurement procedures.

Summary – Framework Agreement Call-Off Contracts

The UK Procurement Act 2023 introduces significant changes to how public sector bodies manage framework agreements and call-off contracts. One of its most notable features is the strict limitation on contract durations, particularly those exceeding four years. Under the new regime, any extension beyond this period must be fully justified and documented. This approach aims to strengthen competition, transparency, and accountability in public procurement, ensuring that contracting authorities avoid complacency and continually seek the best value for taxpayers’ money.

The legislation encourages authorities to plan their procurement activities with greater foresight. Contracting entities must now ensure that the duration of each agreement aligns directly with its operational purpose and risk profile. HM Treasury’s Managing Public Money guidance remains a critical reference, requiring clear evidence that contract terms are proportionate and justified. Authorities must demonstrate that longer durations serve genuine practical needs, such as the delivery of complex projects or maintaining essential services, rather than simply avoiding the administrative burden of re-tendering.

Although the Act allows some flexibility for exceptional cases, the threshold for justification is considerably higher. Longer-term contracts may still be approved where there are compelling reasons, such as substantial upfront investment, specialised supply chains, or the need for continuity in public safety or healthcare services. However, these exceptions must be thoroughly evidenced and approved through proper governance channels. The clear message is that contract duration should be dictated by necessity, not convenience, ensuring alignment with principles of fair competition and responsible stewardship.

Compliance with the Act requires procurement professionals to integrate these new standards into every stage of the contracting process. This includes embedding duration considerations within strategy development, tender documentation, evaluation criteria, and contract management frameworks. Authorities that adopt proactive governance and transparent reporting will be better equipped to strike a balance between efficiency and legal compliance. Conversely, those that fail to adapt may face legal scrutiny, audit findings, or reputational damage, particularly where contracts appear to circumvent the spirit of competitive procurement.

Ultimately, the policy on maximum contract length is not merely procedural but serves as an essential safeguard for public value. By mandating regular competition, the Act fosters innovation, market diversity, and continuous improvement among suppliers. These reforms help ensure that public procurement remains dynamic and accountable, reinforcing public confidence in how taxpayer funds are spent. The emphasis on fairness, openness, and periodic renewal underscores the UK government’s broader commitment to modernising procurement in the public interest.

Additional articles can be found at Commercial Management Made Easy. This site looks at commercial management issues to assist organisations and people in increasing the quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of their products and services to the customers' delight. ©️ Commercial Management Made Easy. All rights reserved.